华西毛茛属五新种(2)

舟曲毛茛 图2：A～E

Ranunculus zhouquensis W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Fig.2:A-E

(Sect. Ranunculus ser. Songorici Ovcz.)

Ob folia 3-secta, flores singulariter terminales, petala oblonga species nova haec est affinis R. micronivali Hand.-Mazz., qui caulibus humilibus 4-6 cm altis, foliis basalibus omnibus simplicibus minoribus usque ad 1.1 cm latis, petalis majoribus 4-5.2 mm longis, ovario stylo breviore distinguitur.

Perennial herbs. Fibrous roots ca. 6 cm long, at base 1 mm across, downwards gradually thinning. Stems 1-3, slender, 10-20 cm tall, near base 0.3-0.8 mm across, near apex sparsely puberulous, branched. Basal leaves several, with lower cauline leaves long petiolate, simple, rarely ternate; blades thin-papery, pentagonal, 0.5-1.5×1.1-2.4 cm, at base cordate, (2-)3-sect, segments sessile, rarely shortly petiolulate, central segement obovate or broadly rhombic, 0.4-1 cm broad, 3-lobed, lateral segments larger, obliquely flabellate, unequally 2-fid; surfaces adaxially appressed-puberulous, abaxially glabrous; petioles slender, 4-10 cm long, glabrous. Upper cauline leaves smaller, shortly petiolate or subsessile, with narrowly lanceolate or linear segments. Flowers singly terminal to stem and branches. Receptacle glabrous. Sepals caducous, not seen. Petals 5, oblong, ca. 3.8×1.5 mm, glabrous, trinerved, apex truncate-rounded, nectary pits small, claws ca. 0.5 mm long. Stamens ca. 7, glabrous; filaments narrowly linear, 1.2-1.7 mm long; anthers oblong, 0.5-0.6 mm long. Carpels ca. 20, glabrous; ovaries narrowly ovate, 0.8-1.5 mm long; styles 0.5-0.6 mm long. Aggregate fruit ovoid, 5×3-3.5 mm; achenes biconvex, suborbicular, 1.4-1.8×1.1-1.4 mm, glabrous; persitent styles 0.5-0.7 mm long.

图2 A～E.舟曲毛茛：A.植株全形；B.花瓣；C.雄蕊群和雌蕊群；D.聚合果；E.瘦果 F～G.崇州毛茛：F.植株全形；G.瘦果 H～N.共和毛茛：H.植株全形；I.基生叶叶片；J.萼片(腹面观)；K.花瓣；L.雄蕊群和雌蕊群；M.心皮；N.瘦果Fig.2 ：A.Habit; B.Petal; and gynoecium; fruit; E.Achene ：F.Habit; G.Achene ：H.Habit; I.Blade of basal leaf; J.Sepal(ventral view); K.Petal; and gynoecium; M.Carpel; N.Achene(from holotype)

甘肃(Gansu)：舟曲县，插岗林场(Zhouqu Xian,Chagang Tree Farm), alt. 2 750 m，沟边(by streams), 1998-07-21，孔宏智(H. Z. Kong) 98-40(holotype, PE).

本种与窄瓣毛茛(Ranunculus micronivalis Hand.-Mazz.)在亲缘关系上相近，与后者的区别在于本种的茎高10～20 cm，基生叶为单叶，少数为三出复叶，较大，宽达2.4 cm，花瓣较小，长约3.8 mm，子房比花柱长。在窄瓣毛茛，茎低矮，高4～6 cm，基生叶均为单叶，较小，宽达1.1 cm，花瓣较大，长4～5.2 mm，子房比花柱短[4]。

崇州毛茛 图2：F～G

Ranunculus chongzhouensis W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Fig.2:F-G

(Sect. Ranunculus ser. Dongrergenses W. T. Wang)

Species nova haec est affinis W. T. Wang, qui caulibus inferne sparse superne densiuscule puberulis, foliis caulinis inferis eis basalibus dissimilibus subsessilibus rhombicis 3-partitis, receptaculo puberulo abhorret.

Perennial herbs(?). Roots not seen. Stems slender, 18-23 cm tall, near base ca. 1 mm across, only near apex sparsely puberulous. Basal leaves solitary(?), long petiolate; blades papery, reniform, 1.2-1.4×1.8-2.6 cm, at base cordate, 3-lobed, central lobe shortly obtrapeziform or obovato-obtrapeziform, at apex 3-rounded-crenate, lateral lobes larger, obliquely flabellate, unequally 2-lobed, at margin rounded-crenate; surfaces adaxially glabrous, abaxially appressed-puberulous; petioles slender, 6.5-9.5 cm long, glabrous or only near apex with a few hairs. Cauline leaves 2-3, lower one similar to basal leaf, but slightly smaller, with shorter petiole and 3-sect, with segments long elliptic or narrowly lanceolate. Flowers singly terminal, not seen. Aggregate fruit ovoid, ca. 5×4 mm; receptacle glabrous; achenes ca. 24, biconvex obliquely obovate or broadly obovate, 1.2-1.8×1-1.5 cm, glabrous; persistent styles 0.5-1 mm long.

四川(Sichuan)：崇州市，鞍子河自然保护区，鸡冠山(Chongzhou Shi, Anzihe Nature Reserve, Jiguan Shan), alt. 3000 m，林下草丛(among grasses under forest)，草本，高0.2 m，花黄色(herbs, 0.2 m tall, fls. yellow), 2007-07-27, 冯正波、朱大海、李小杰(Z. B. Feng, D. H. Zhu & X. J. Li) 4171(holotype, PE).

本种与门源毛茛(Ranunculus menyuanensis W.T.Wang)在亲缘关系上相近，与后者的区别在于本种的茎只近顶部疏被短柔毛，下部茎生叶与基生叶相似，但稍小，具稍短叶柄，3全裂，花托无毛。在门源毛茛，茎下部疏被、上部稍密被短柔毛，下部茎生叶与基生叶不相似，近无柄，呈菱形，3深裂，花托被短柔毛[4]。

共和毛茛 图2：H～N

Ranunculus gongheensis W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Fig.2: H-N

文章来源：《华西药学杂志》 网址: http://www.hxyxzz.cn/qikandaodu/2020/1015/345.html