华西毛茛属五新种(3)

(Sect. Ranunculus ser. Pulchelli W. T. Wang)

Ob folium basale simplex indivisum, flores solitarios terminales, achenia puberula species nova haec est fortasse affinis J. G. Liu, qui foliis basalibus 3-5 per plantam unicam ovatis apice acutis margine ciliatis utrinsecus 1-3-dentatis, acheniis majoribus 2 mm longis 1.5 mm latis praeclare distat.

Perennial herbs. Fibrous roots 2.5-5 cm long, near base 1.5-1.8 mm across, downwards gradually thinning. Stems 20-24 cm tall, puberulous, long 3-branched and 3-foliate. Basal leaf solitary, petiolate; blade papery, subquadrate, ca. 1.4×1.2 cm, at apex truncate, emarginate, at base rounded-truncate, at margin entire, glabrous; nervation trinerved, lateral basal nerves with 2-3 long secondary nerves, tertiary and quaternary nerves forming fine nets; petiole ca. 2 mm long, only near base with a few hairs. Lowermost cauline leaf petiolate (petioles 1.6-2.5 cm long), either flabellate, ca. 1.6×2 cm, 3-parted, with narrowly lanceolate entire lobes, or long elliptic, ca. 2.8×1.3 cm, pinnately lobed; the other cauline leaves shortly petiolate or sessile, 3-sect, with linear segments. Flowers singly terminal to stem and branches. Receptacle sparsely pilose. Sepals 5, navicular-elliptic-ovate, ca. 4×2 mm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially pubescent, trinerved. Petals 5, yellow, obovate or narrowly obovate, 6×2.5-3 mm, at apex rounded, glabrous, nectary pits minute, claws ca. 0.6 mm long. Stamens ca. 15, glabrous; filaments narrowly linear, 1.5-2.2 mm long; anthers narrowly oblong, 1-1.2 mm long. Carpels ca. 50; ovaries narrowly obovate, 1-1.2×0.6 mm, puberulous; styles 0.8-1 mm long, glabrous. Aggregate fruit narrowly ovoid, ca. 7×4 mm; achenes slightly biconvex, obliquely broad-obovate, 1.2×1.2 mm, puberulous, apex truncate; persistent styles 0.8 mm long.

青海(Qinghai)：共和县，新哲茶卡沟(Gonghe Xian,Xinzhechaka Valley),alt.5600 m,阴坡草地(on grassland of shaded slope)，花黄色(),1975-08-10，郭本兆，王为义(B.Z.Guo & W.Y.Wang)(holotype,PE)。

本种的基生叶为单叶，不分裂，花单朵顶生，瘦果被短柔毛，因此与也具上述特征的昆仑毛茛(Ranunculus kunlunshanicus J.G.Liu)可能有亲缘关系，与后者的区别在于本种的每一植株的基生叶只1枚，近方形，顶端微凹，无毛，边缘全缘，瘦果较小，长和宽均为1.2 mm。在昆仑毛茛，每一植株的基生叶3～5枚，卵形，顶端急尖，边缘被缘毛，每侧有1～3齿，瘦果较大，长2 mm，宽1.5 mm[2,4]。

致谢 深切感谢孙英宝先生为本文绘图。

最近笔者鉴定了一批毛茛属植物标本，从采自我国西部的标本中发现了以下五新种，这五种均隶属毛茛属的最大亚属，毛茛亚属Subgen. Ranunculus的最大组，美丽毛茛组Sect. Ranunculus[3][(Spach) Schur][1]。

大邑毛茛 图1：A～F

RanunculusdayiensisW. T. Wang, sp. nov. Fig.1：A-F

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Species nova haec est affinisRoyle, qui foliis majoribus usque ad 5 cm latis utrinque depresse puberulis, eis caulinis breviter petiolatis vel sessilibus omnibus simplicibus 3-partitis vel 3-sectis, floribus 2-3 in monochasium dispositis differt.

Small perennial herbs. Fibrous roots 4-8 cm long. Stems 4-10 cm tall, sparsely puberulous, shortly branched. Basal leaves several, long petiolate; blades papery, pentagonal, 3-8×6-14 mm, at base cordate, 3-parted nearly to base or 3-sect, central segment broadly rhombic or rhombic-obovate, at apex 3-dentate, or 3-lobed to 3-fid, lateral segments larger, obliquely flabellate, unequally 2-lobed to 2-parted; surfaces adaxially appressed-puberulous, abaxially glabrous; petioles slender, 15-30 mm long, glabrous. Lowermost cauline leaf similar to basal leaves, long petiolate, simple, 3-sect, or ternate, with petiolulate leaflets; upper cauline leaves smaller, shortly petiolate or subsessile, 3-sect, uppermost cauline leaf with linear segments. Flowers singly terminal. Receptacle sparsely puberulous. Sepals 5, greenish, on margin purple, narrowly ovate, 4×2.5-3 mm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially pubescent. Petals 5, yellow, obovate, rarely narrowly ovate, 5-7×3-5 mm, glabrous, apex rounded, nectary pits minute, claws ca. 0.5 mm long. Stamens 20-25, glabrous; filaments narrowly linear, 1-2 mm long; anthers narrowly oblong, 1-1.2 mm long. Carpels 20-50; ovaries ovoid, 0.8-1.3 mm long, sparsely puberulous; styles 0.5-1.2 mm long, glabrous.

图1 A～F.大邑毛茛：A.植株全形；B.萼片(背面观)；C.花瓣；D.雄蕊；E.雌蕊群；F.瘦果 G～L.铜仁毛茛：G.具匍匐茎的植株；H.开花植株；I.萼片；J.花瓣；K.雄蕊群和雌蕊群；L.心皮Fig.1 ：A.Hbit; B.Sepal(dorsal view); C.Petal; D.Stamen; ; F.Achene ：G.A plant with stolons; H.A flowering plant; I.Sepal; J.Petal; and gynoecium; L.Carpel(from holotype)

四川(Sichuan)：大邑县，黑水河自然保护区(Dayi Xian,Heishuihe Nature Reserve),2007-06-06，朱大海、冯正波、张超、王飞(D.H.Zhu,Z.B.Feng,C.Zhang & F.Wang)(holotype,PE);同地(same locality)，红石堡(Hongshibao),alt.2 550 m,林下(under forest)，草本，花黄色(herb,),2007-06-06，朱大海、冯正波、张超、王飞(PE)。

文章来源：《华西药学杂志》 网址: http://www.hxyxzz.cn/qikandaodu/2020/1015/345.html